On November 8, 2022, the PD and PPV Center conducted the following communication measures in the form of psychocorrection to preserve and provide psychosocial support to servicemen who have adjustment disorders, depression, and increased anxiety.

Often, adjustment disorders, depression, and anxiety are provoked by acute stressful events: death or disability of loved ones, road accidents, divorce, job loss, historical turbulence — such as isolation during Covid-19 or war.

Adjustment disorders are states of subjective distress and emotional disturbance that usually interfere with social functioning and productivity and occur during the period of adaptation to a significant life change or stressful life event (including the presence or possibility of a serious physical illness).

Symptoms of adjustment disorder usually begin shortly after the stressful event and last no more than 6 months after the stressor has disappeared. Patients may have several manifestations at once, among which the following are common:

Symptoms of invasion:

The presence of repeated, involuntary, intrusive, disturbing memories
Recurrent distressing dreams (eg, nightmares) about the event
Actions or feelings, as if the event is happening again, of varying intensity — from flashbacks to complete loss of awareness of the current environment
Feeling intense psychological or physiological distress when reminded of the event (for example, on the day of its anniversary, with sounds similar to those that the person heard during the event).
Symptoms of avoidance:

Avoidance of thoughts, feelings, or memories associated with the event
Avoiding actions, places, conversations, or people that trigger memories of the event
Adverse effects on cognitive function and mood (≥ 2 of the following):
Loss of memory about significant parts of the event (dissociative amnesia)
Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about oneself, others, or the world
Persistent distorted thoughts about the cause or effects of the trauma that lead to self-blame or others
Persistent negative emotional state (eg, fear, horror, anger, guilt, shame)
A significant decrease in interest or participation in important activities
Feeling detached or alienated from others
Persistent inability to feel positive emotions (eg, happiness, contentment, love)
Altered excitability and reactivity (≥ 2 of the following):
Difficulty sleeping
Irritability or outbursts of anger
Reckless or self-destructive behavior
Problems with concentration
Increased fear response
Hypervigilance.
Depression is an illness characterized by a persistent depressed state and loss of interest in any normally pleasurable activity, as well as an inability to perform daily activities for at least two weeks.

Symptoms of depression:

you have decreased or increased appetite;
you began to worry about things that did not cause such feelings before;
you feel that your body and brain work as if in slow motion;
you feel guilty even for those things that do not directly depend on you, your self-esteem has significantly decreased;
you started thinking about suicide.
Depression can also be accompanied by physical symptoms — for example, stomach, heart, or back pain, stomach upset, constipation, etc.

Generalized anxiety disorder is persistent and excessive worry that is difficult to control.

Symptoms may include periods of rapid breathing, sweating, increased heart rate, and gastrointestinal (GI) problems.

The work on psychocorrection of the specified conditions in military personnel was carried out using the methods of positive psychotherapy by O. S. Chaban. Positive psychotherapy is based on: a positive approach to the patient and the disease; meaningful assessment of the conflict; five-step therapy based on self-help.

The following methods and techniques were used.

Methodology "Line of achievements" (depression, anxiety) O. S. Chaban

We draw a line and divide it into 10 fragments, where 0 is the worst situation and 10 is the best)
The patient determines: At what point are you now? (emphasis on the fact that something has already been passed!)
What should be done today to get 1 point more tomorrow?
Method "Deactualization of traumatic memories" (depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder) O. S. Chaban

A specific experience is chosen
A second memory is formed for the same event (down to the details, but not for the trauma itself, prohibiting and displacing the traumatic event itself:
What did you eat that day?
What was the weather like that day?
What were you wearing?
In this way, you have to repeat all the events down to the last detail, displacing the traumatic event itself, ultimately forbidding to talk about it.
"Problem reassessment technique" (maladaptation, emotional problems) OS Chaban

Emotional problems are not the problem, but our assessment of them and events.
Analyze specific events in the patient's life, focusing on what the patient thought and felt about them.
Methodology "Movement on steps" (maladaptation, emotional disorder) O. Chaban

Life is a step-by-step process.
In today's situation, you want to jump many steps at once, but this leads to a fall.
We analyze: what is one step to the chorus