Allergic rhinitis affects from 10% to 25% of the population, so its treatment is a very urgent problem.

This disease is characterized by the following symptoms (one or more): stuffy nose, runny nose, itching in the nasal cavity, palate, sneezing, nasal breathing disorders. Runny nose becomes profuse, there are paroxysms of sneezing, nasal breathing is almost absent. There are 3 forms of the disease: seasonal, year-round and occupational.

At night, the phenomena of rhinitis are even more pronounced. As a rule, at the same time, the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis occur: itching of the eyes and eyelids, redness, photophobia, lacrimation. Sometimes the phenomena of conjunctivitis are even more significant than the symptoms of rhinitis. All this manifests itself as a rhinoconjunctival syndrome, which is the main manifestation of pollinosis.

Seasonal runny nose resembles a viral runny nose, but differs in severity and duration of the course. The appearance of seasonal Renitis is associated with the time of pollination of plants. Three types of pollinosis are distinguished:

- spring-summer;

- summer;

- summer-autumn.

In Kirovograd region the most frequent cause of polynomas is pollen in spring, spread during flowering of trees (birch, poplar, hazel) in summer (cereal grasses, timothy, rye).

Allergens in summer and autumn period are pollen, spread during flowering of ragweed, wormwood, ladderwort, sunflower. The number of people suffering from allergies during this period increases every year.

This is connected with worsening of ecology, uncontrolled use of antibiotics and antiseptics at home, insufficient and unbalanced nutrition, wide use of preservatives, increase of new antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microflora, sharp decrease of body resistance ability.

Making a diagnosis of seasonal allergic rhinitis in typical cases is not difficult. For this purpose it is enough to have correctly collected allergic anamnesis with identification of leading clinical symptoms: phenomena of allergic rhinitis, seasonal exacerbations, their amplification in dry weather and weakening - in humid weather, other manifestations of pollen allergy, the influence of antihistamines and the like.

Verification of pollen allergy diagnosis is made by making skin tests with allergens (sometimes provocative allergic test with pollen apergenamy and even more rarely - immune-enzyme test with corresponding allergens).

Treatment of allergic rhinitis is carried out with drugs that inhibit the painful immune response of the body.

Self-treatment of allergic reactions can lead to complications and deterioration of human health. Depending on the severity of the allergy and many other factors, treatment must be prescribed by a doctor.

According to the place of application, medications for the treatment of allergic rhinitis are divided into local (aerosols, nasal drops) and general (means for ingestion, solutions for injection) dosage forms.

According to the mechanism of action on the individual links of the allergic reaction vasoconstrictors, anti-inflammatory, antihistamines and immune response correctors are used.

Vasoconstrictors help to reduce nasal mucus secretions and provide nasal breathing. But they do not solve the problem of treating allergic rhinitis, because they do not affect the initial part of the painful reaction. In addition, vasoconstrictor nasal drops are not recommended for more than five consecutive days, as vasoconstriction aggravates the disease.

Means directed against inflammatory changes, containing the hormones glucocorticoids. They work immediately and effectively. Treatment of allergic rhinitis with anti-inflammatory drugs of central action is justified and often indispensable. The fact is that allergens can "migrate" to the lower respiratory tract, including the occurrence of bronchial asthma. The use of hormones has no systemic action. Glucocorticoids hormones are not absorbed beyond the nasal mucosa.

Prevention of allergic rhinitis is a hypoallergenic lifestyle, hypoallergenic diet, hardening and therapeutic exercise.