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Україна єдина #UAРАЗОМ

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04.10.2023

Suicidal tendencies in military personnel and the specifics of working with them as part of the rehabilitation process

The dynamics of the development of suicidal behavior includes the following stages: the emergence of a conflict of subjectively long duration and intensity; awareness of insurmountable obstacles, contradictions; destruction of the system of life prospects; making a decision about suicidal action; suicidal act (attempt). According to statistics, the critical age for suicide is from 16 to 29 and from 40 to 50 years. In the Armed Forces of Ukraine, suicides have a demoralizing effect on personnel, official activities, and have a negative impact on the moral and psychological climate. Cases of death of servicemen as a result of suicide undermine the faith of society and parents in the ability of the relevant commanders (chiefs) to ensure the safety of young people and their subordinates and are reflected in mass media, which harms the authority of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Psychologists, as part of comprehensive rehabilitation, primarily assess the probability of committing suicide among servicemen. This work is complicated by rather large groups of suicide risk factors and their non-specificity. Thus, some servicemen who have had suicidal thoughts may not belong to any of the known risk groups. Individual psychological features, which are revealed during psycho-diagnostic examination, have their own conceptual and explanatory apparatus. In the process of researching each specific case of suicidal intentions, thoughts, and behavior, the psychologist-psychodiagnostic must operate with the basic concepts of suicidality and take into account the individual profile of the personality, each of which is unique. The principle of the unity of diagnosis and correction determines their relationship, thereby reflecting the integrity of the process of providing psychological assistance to people with suicidal risk, intentions or attempted suicide. Psychological correction, in this case, is a system of psychological influences aimed at changing, restructuring and eliminating the patient's suicidal intentions.

A very important stage of work and a specific skill of a psychologist is conducting a conversation with a potential suicide victim. According to E. Grollman, it must include the following stages:

pick up the keys to solve the suicide;
accept the suicide as a person;
establish a caring relationship;
be an attentive listener;
don't argue;
ask questions;
do not offer unjustified pleasure;
suggest constructive approaches;
inspire hope;
assess the degree of suicide risk.
Projective methods, which we use in our practice for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, are an important addition and material for determining the characteristics and motives of suicidal behavior. With their help, it is possible not only to understand the motivation and specificity of each case, but also to release hidden emotions in the process of work, to help the patient create and manage a new plan, a project of his own life.

(с) 2024

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