Laboratory

The laboratory employs doctors-laboratory assistants of the highest category.

Analyzes are carried out:

hematological (general blood test with the calculation of the leukocyte formula and a description of the morphology of the formed elements; counting platelets, reticulocytes, determining the time of blood coagulation)
general clinical general urine analysis, urine analysis according to Nechiporenko, according to Zimnitsky, analysis of feces for eggs of worms and protozoa, analysis of scrapings for enterobiasis; coprogram, analysis of feces for occult blood, blood analysis for the presence of the causative agent of malaria, analysis of secretions from the genital organs, analysis of secretions prostate spermogram, sputum analysis, analysis of duodenal contents
cytological (examination of material from the surface of the cervix, from the cervical canal; aspirate from the uterine cavity; discharge from the mammary glands)
biochemical (total protein, total bilirubin and its fractions, ALT, AST, GGT, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, glucose, creatinine, urea, uric acid, total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, atherogenic index, total calcium, determination of PT, prothrombin index, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen, troponin and, iron content in blood, iron-binding activity of blood serum, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, glomerular filtration rate, studies of fluid in serous cavities and cerebrospinal fluid, 17-ketosteroids, determination of microalbuminuria)
immunological (general prostate-specific antigen, determination of blood groups and Rh factor; express diagnostics of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, express diagnostics of syphilis, determination of C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, H. pylori- antigen, antibodies).
The quality of laboratory tests depends on the correct preparation of the patient for examination and the collection of the test material, which the attending physician informs the patient about.
 

How to properly prepare for laboratory tests

Timely and accurate diagnosis of various diseases is impossible without laboratory tests. The manifestations of diseases may not yet be, and the blood counts already indicate problems in the human body.

The accuracy of the analysis results depends not only on modern equipment and highly qualified laboratory personnel. An important condition that guarantees a reliable test result is the correct preparation of the patient directly for the test. Many factors (diet, physical activity, emotional stress, medication intake, daily fluctuations in some indicators) can affect the results of laboratory tests. Therefore, to obtain the most accurate research results, you must follow the doctor's recommendations

Preparing a patient for a blood test

To exclude factors affecting the results of the study, in preparation for the delivery of a general blood test, biochemical tests, studies of the blood coagulation system, hormones, tumor markers, serological tests for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis, the following rules must be adhered to:

- It is recommended to donate blood for laboratory tests in the morning on an empty stomach after an overnight 12-hour fast;

- If you need to take a general blood test, the last meal should be no later than 1:00 before blood donation, provided that breakfast consisted of unsweetened tea, unsweetened porridge without butter and milk, an apple;

- On the eve of the analysis, it is necessary to refrain from physical activity, taking alcohol and drugs (if possible), changes in the usual diet;

- go to bed at the usual time and get up no later than 1:00 before taking blood

- The content of many blood tests is subject to daily fluctuations, therefore, for a number of studies, blood is required at a certain time of the day. So, blood and some hormones (TSH and parathyroid hormone), as well as iron, are donated only until 10 am.

- In the morning after getting up, refrain from smoking;

- If there are problems with drug withdrawal, it is necessary to inform the doctor or laboratory about it;

- Blood should be donated for x-ray, endoscopic, rectal examinations, physiotherapy procedures;

- Immediately before taking blood from a vein, it is necessary to exclude physical activity (running, climbing stairs), emotional arousal, rest for 10-15 minutes.

Preparing the patient for urine analysis

General urine analysis

On the eve of the urine test, you must refrain from physical exertion, drinking alcohol, and follow your usual lifestyle. For a general urine analysis, the entire first morning urine sample is collected in a special container. This container is delivered to the laboratory within 90 minutes of urinating. The urine should be collected after a thorough toilet of the external genitalia.

If necessary (emergency condition of the patient, etc.) It is allowed to study "one-time" urine samples collected at any time of the day, in compliance with the pererakhovny rules.

Urine analysis according to Nechiporenko

On the eve of the urine test, you must refrain from physical exertion, drinking alcohol, and go to bed at the usual time. For the analysis of urine according to Nechiporenko, the middle portion of urine is collected in a clean marked (surname, name, patronymic) plastic or glass container after a thorough toilet of the external genitalia. To collect the middle portion of urine, the patient releases the first part of urine during urination into the toilet, collects the middle portion into a container, urine, and releases the rest into the toilet. The container is tightly closed with a lid and immediately delivered to the laboratory.

Urine analysis according to Zimnitsky

The patient collects urine every 3:00 during the day. A total of 8 servings in 8 separate clean containers. At 6:00 a.m., the patient empties his bladder into the toilet and starts collecting urine after 6:00 a.m. every 3:00:

I portion:   6.15-9.00;

II portion: 9.00-12.00;

 III portion: 12.00-15.00;

IV portion: 15.00-18.00;

V portion: 18.00-21.00;

VI portion: 21.00-24.00;

VII portion: 24.00-3.00;

VIII portion: 3.00-6.00.

Each container is marked with the name of the patient and the time of urine collection, tightly closed with a lid and stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 4˚-8˚С. All 8 servings are delivered to the laboratory.

Urine sugar test

It is necessary to collect daily urine, the patient collects all portions of urine allocated in 24 hours. In the morning, the patient pours the first portion of urine into the toilet. Further, during the day, it collects all the excreted urine in a carefully washed 3 liter container, including a portion of urine in the morning of the next day. During the entire period of urine collection, it is stored in the refrigerator. After collecting all the urine, it is thoroughly mixed and poured into a separate clean plastic or glass container of approximately 100 ml of urine, this container is marked with the patient's full name and daily urine volume and delivered to the laboratory.

Preparing the patient for stool analysis

Before collecting feces for general educational clinical research (coprograms), it is necessary to cancel medications that affect the appearance of feces and increase intestinal peristalsis. These are all laxatives, iron, bismuth, barium preparations, agents administered in rectal suppositories. It is not recommended to collect feces from women during menstruation. You can not examine feces after an enema. For parasitological studies of feces, special training is not needed.

After defecation, the patient takes pieces of feces from different places of feces with a spoon and transfers them to a plastic container with a lid. The container is marked (full name of the patient) and delivered to the laboratory for general clinical examination of feces (coprogram) or feces examination for eggs, worms and protozoa. It is unacceptable to send feces for research in cardboard boxes.

Preparing the patient for the analysis of scraping for enterobiasis

Scrapings are performed in the morning, before defecation (in women, before urination). With a stick with a cotton swab at the end, moistened with boiled water at room temperature, gently scraping the surface of the folds around the anus and in the lower parts of the rectum is carried out. The resulting material is placed in a plastic or glass container, tightly closed with a lid and delivered to the laboratory.

Preparing a patient for sputum analysis for general educational clinical research

Sputum is collected in plastic containers with a wide opening with a capacity of 70 ml with a lid, tightly screwed. Sputum collection is carried out in the morning before meals after thorough brushing of teeth and rinsing of the mouth and throat with boiled water. The patient must be warned that it is not necessary to collect saliva, but only sputum, which is separated by coughing. The container is labeled (PIB) and delivered to the laboratory.

Remember that the test results are not a diagnosis, but only an additional link in the process of establishing a diagnosis by a doctor.
 

Work schedule: 07:45 - 09:30 - sampling of the test material, from 14:00 to 15:00 - issuance of research results.

If necessary, according to the prescription of the attending physicians, analyzes are carried out in the "according to cito"